home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- WORLD, Page 46SOUTH AFRICAThe Other Black Leader
-
-
- Buthelezi may be prince of the Zulus, but he is a king-size
- headache to Mandela and the A.N.C.
-
- By SCOTT MACLEOD/JOHANNESBURG
-
-
- "I think that, more than anyone in this country, it is I
- who have brought matters to where they are today." The words of
- President F.W. de Klerk? Or black nationalist leader Nelson
- Mandela? No, the speaker at last week's press conference was
- Mangosuthu Buthelezi, 61, the self-confident president of
- Inkatha, chief minister of KwaZulu and prince of the Zulus.
-
- Whether in his well-cut business suits or ceremonial skins
- and feathers, Buthelezi is the country's other black leader.
- When Mandela and De Klerk meet in Cape Town this week to debate
- obstacles to negotiations, Buthelezi will be conspicuously
- absent. Unlike the African National Congress leader, he sees no
- roadblocks to immediate talks. Many whites and conservative
- blacks, not to mention Western leaders such as George Bush and
- Margaret Thatcher, admire Buthelezi's readiness to compromise
- and his embrace of capitalism. Antiapartheid militants, however,
- dismiss him as a puppet who has long collaborated with the white
- minority government against the interests of the poor and
- disenfranchised black majority.
-
- Yet as South Africans begin efforts to redraw their
- political map, even Buthelezi's critics must acknowledge that he
- is a force to be reckoned with. His power and the ruthlessness
- of many of his supporters are more apparent than ever in the
- three-year-old civil war between Inkatha, the Zulu-based mass
- political and cultural movement, and the A.N.C., which has
- turned the green hills of Natal province into South Africa's
- worst killing field. Since Mandela's release in February,
- Buthelezi's supporters have repeatedly invaded A.N.C.
- strongholds with shotguns and pangas. The upsurge in violence
- has left some 350 dead and forced 7,000 to flee.
-
- How to deal with Buthelezi has caused an embarrassing
- disagreement between Mandela and fellow A.N.C. officials. While
- in prison, Mandela infuriated some in the congress by writing a
- conciliatory letter to Buthelezi. Recently Mandela proposed
- meeting with Buthelezi as a way of cooling down the conflict,
- but then he abruptly withdrew the offer. Mandela admitted last
- week that some of his comrades "nearly throttled me" over the
- issue.
-
- Most of the A.N.C. regards Buthelezi, who formed Inkatha in
- 1975 after working with the congress, as a sellout. They accuse
- him of abetting apartheid by serving as chief minister of
- KwaZulu, one of the ten "homelands" where blacks can exercise
- their political rights. The A.N.C. also condemns Buthelezi for
- opposing the "armed struggle" and international sanctions
- against Pretoria.
-
- But, as at least Mandela appears to understand, Buthelezi
- cannot be wished away. He has built up a solid constituency,
- though it is less representative than he would admit. Most of
- Inkatha's estimated 1.7 million members are Zulus residing in
- the KwaZulu homeland within Natal. And some of Buthelezi's
- policies make sense. Mandela's adherence to socialism seems
- outdated compared with Buthelezi's advocacy of free enterprise.
- The Zulu chief's repeated calls for compromise are now being
- loudly echoed by Mandela. And Buthelezi's pioneering
- Natal-KwaZulu Indaba, a formula for black-white power sharing in
- local government, is a concept that could be tried nationally.
-
- But Inkatha's latest rampages in Natal make a mockery of
- Buthelezi's desire to be the prince of peace. There is no
- evidence that Buthelezi personally ordered the attacks, and he
- has strongly condemned the slaughter. Inkatha leaders claim that
- the upsurge in violence followed A.N.C. provocations, and in
- fact the bloodshed erupted in 1987 largely because of the
- A.N.C.'s determination to wipe out Buthelezi's influence.
-
- If Buthelezi's biggest mistake was working with South
- Africa's whites while other black leaders went to prison or into
- exile, he never committed the bigger sin that the A.N.C. long
- feared: cutting a separate deal with whites in exchange for
- becoming the country's first black President. Buthelezi always
- insisted that Mandela be freed as a precondition to his joining
- in negotiations on South Africa's future.
-
- What role will Buthelezi now play? He certainly intends to
- be one of the leaders who deliberate the country's future. "I am
- at the center stage, where I have always been," he said in an
- interview. "I have always believed that the problems of South
- Africa would be resolved through peaceful means. What have I to
- regret?"
-
- Although many in the A.N.C. seem to accept that Inkatha has a
- right to sit at the negotiating table, it remains fashionable to
- dismiss Buthelezi as a political lightweight. After last week's
- press conference, attended by a mere dozen journalists,
- Buthelezi groused that the media refuse to take him seriously.
- There is little doubt that Mandela's words will continue to be
- those that are most closely scrutinized inside and outside the
- country. But the architects of any future political settlement
- will ignore the Zulu prince only at South Africa's peril.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-